Hierarch Saint Cyprian, Metropolitan of Moscow, Kiev and All Rus'

Saint Cyprian, Metropolitan of Moscow, Kiev and All Rus' (c. 1330, Tarnovo – September 16, 1406, Golenishchevo near Moscow), was Bulgarian by birth, from Tarnovo, capital of the Second Bulgarian Empire. He became a monk, was formed in the hesychast circles of Mount Athos, and was closely associated with Patriarch Philotheus Kokkinos of Constantinople.

In 1375 Philotheus consecrated him Metropolitan of Kiev, Rus', and Lithuania while the reigning Metropolitan Alexius of Moscow was still alive, triggering a prolonged jurisdictional conflict. Grand Prince Dmitry Donskoy initially refused to recognize Cyprian and barred him from Moscow (1378–1379) while pushing his own candidate. Following Alexius's death and the removal of rival claimant Pimen, Cyprian was finally installed as Metropolitan of Kiev and All Rus', based in Moscow (1389/1390), and governed the see until his death.

He is remembered as a major ecclesiastical writer and editor: he translated liturgical books and the Kormchaya (Nomocanon) from Greek, and edited and composed lives of Russian saints. He died in 1406; his relics were uncovered in 1472 during rebuilding of the Dormition Cathedral.